zabiks.cc 
Chambers's Encyclopaedia．Vol．Ⅺ．New rev．ed．London: International Learning Systems Corporation Limited，1973.
Chen，Fong-Ching，and Guantao Jin．From Youthful Manuscripts to River Elegy: The Chinese Popular Cultural Movement and Political Transformation 19791989．Hong Kong: The Chinese University Press，1997.
Chow，Tse-tsung．The May Fourth Movement: Intellectual Revolution in Modern China．Cambridge，Mass.: Harvard University Press，1960.
Cohen，Jean L.，and Andrew Arato．Civil Society and Political Theory．Cambridge，Mass.: The MIT Press，1992.
Collingwood，Robin G．The New Leviathan，or，Man，Society，Civilization，and Barbarism．London: Clarendon Press，1944.
Cranston，Maurice W．What Are Human Rights?．London: The Bodley Head，1973.
Dahl，Robert A．On Democracy．New Haven: Yale University Press，1998.
Dworkin，Ronald．Taking Rights Seriously．London: Duckworth，1977.
Greenleaf，W．H．The British Political Tradition．Vol.1，The Rise of Collectivism．London: Routledge，1988.
Habermas，Jürgen．The Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere: An Inquiry into a Category of Bourgeois Society．Cambridge，Mass.: The MIT Press，1989.
Hsü，Immanuel C．Y．China's Entrance into the Family of Nations: The Diplomatic Phase，18581880．Cambridge，Mass.: Harvard University Press，1960.
Iggers，zhaiyuedu.com G．Historiography in the Twentieth Century: From Scientific Objectivity to the Postmodern Challenge．Hanover，N.H.: Wesleyan University Press，1997.
Lin，Yu-sheng．The Crisis of Chinese Consciousness: Radical Antitraditionalism in the May Fourth Era．Madison: University of Wisconsin Press，1979.
Lukes，Steven．Individualism．Oxford: Blackwell，1973.
McLeish，Kenneth.，ed．Key Ideas in Human Thought．New York: Facts On File，1993.
Nathan，Andrew J．Peking Politics，19181923: Factionalism and the Failure of Constitutionalism．Berkeley: University of California Press，1976.
Pye，Lucian W．The Spirit of Chinese Politics: A Psychocultural Study of the Authority Crisis in Political Development．Cambridge，Mass.: The MIT Press，1968.
Weintraub，Jeff，and Krishan Kumar，eds．Public and Private in Thought and Practice: Perspectives on a Grand Dichotomy．Chicago: University of Chicago Press，1997.
Wheaton，Henry．Elements of International Law: With a Sketch of the History of the Science．Philadelphia: Carey，Lea & Blanchard，1836.
Rankin，Mary B．Elite Activism and Political Transformation in China: Zhejiang Province，1865-1911．Stanford，Calif.: Stanford University Press，1986.
Reardon-Anderson，James．The Study of Change: Chemistry in China，1840-1949．Cambridge; N.Y.: Cambridge University Press，1991.
Rowe，William T．Hankow: Commerce and Society in a Chinese City，1796-1889．Stanford，Calif.: Stanford University Press，1984.
Sandel，Michael J．Liberalism and the Limits of Justice．Cambridge: Cambridge University Press，1982.
Schwarcz，Vera．The Chinese Enlightenment: Intellectuals and the Legacy of the May Fourth Movement of 1919．Berkeley: University of California Press，1986.
Schwartz，Benjamin I．Chinese Communism and the Rise of Mao．Cambridge，Mass.: Harvard University Press，1952.
論文
Chan，Wing-tsit．“The Evolution of the Neo-Confucian Concept Li as Principle.”《清華學報》。新第四卷第二期（1964）。
Chen，Joseph T．"The May Fourth Movement Redefined." Modern Asian Studies 4，no.1（1970）.
Foerster，Heinz Von．"On Constructing a Reality." In The Invented Reality: How Do We Know What We Believe We Know?: Contributions to Constructivism，ed．Paul Watzlawick．New York: Norton，1984.
Gillespie，Michael A．"The Theological Origins of Modernity." Critical Review 13，no.1-2（1999）.
Hempel，Carl G．"The Function of General Laws in History." Journal of Philosophy 39，no.2（1942）.
Huang，Philip C．C．"‘Public Sphere’/‘Civil Society’in China? The Third Realm between State and Society." Modern China 19，no.2（1993）.
——．"The Paradigmatic Crisis in Chinese Studies: Paradoxes in Social and Economic History." Modern China 17，no.3（1991）.
Isaac，Jeffrey C．"Republicanism Vs．Liberalism? A Reconsideration." History of Political Thought 9，no.2（1988）.
Jansen，Marius B．"Konoe Atsumaro." In The Chinese and the Japanese: Essays in Political and Cultural Interactions，ed．Akira Iriye．Princeton: Princeton University Press，1980.
Jin，Guantao，and Qingfeng Liu．"From ‘Republicanism’ to ‘Democracy’: China's Selective Adoption and Reconstruction of Modern Western Political Concepts（1840-1924）." History of Political Thought 26，no.3（2005）.
——．"On the Authenticity of History: Database Methods and Paradigm Shift in Historical Research." In New Challenges and Perspectives of Modern Chinese Studies，ed．Shinichi Kawai．Tokyo: Universal Academy Press，Inc.，2008.
Jin，Guantao，Hongye Fan，and Qingfeng Liu．"The Structure of Science and Technology in History: On the Factors Delaying the Development of Science and Technology in China in Comparison with the West since the 17th Century（Part One）." In Chinese Studies in the History and Philosophy of Science and Technology．Vol.179，Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science，ed．Fan Dainian and Robert S．Cohen．Dordrecht，Boston: Kluwer Academic Publishers，1996.
——．"Historical Changes in the Structure of Science and Technology（Part Two，A Commentary）." In Chinese Studies in the History and Philosophy of Science and Technology．Vol.179，Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science.
Rankin，Mary B．"The Origins of a Chinese Public Sphere: Local Elites and Community Affairs in the Late Imperial Period." Etudes Chinoises 9，no.2（1990）.
Rowe，William T．"The Public Sphere in Modern China." Modern China 16，no.3（1990）.
——．"The Problem of ‘Civil Society’ in Late Imperial China." Modern China 19，no.2（1993）.
Sunstein，Cass R．"Beyond the Republican Revival." Yale Law Journal，no.97（1988）.
Svarverud，Rune．"The Notions of ‘Power’ and ‘Rights’ in Chinese Political Discourse." In New Terms for New Ideas—Western Knowledge and Lexical Change in Late Imperial China，ed．Michael Lackner，Iwo Amelung and Joachim Kurtz．Leiden: Brill，2001.
Swart，Koenraad W．"‘Individualism’ in the Mid-Nineteenth Century（1826-1860）." Journal of the History of Ideas 23，no.1（1962）.
Ullmann，Walter．The Individual and Society in the Middle Ages．London: Methuen & Co Ltd.，1967.
Wakeman，Jr．Frederic．"The Civil Society and Public Sphere Debate: Western Reflections on Chinese Political Culture." Modern China 19，no.2（1993）.
Wang，Gungwu．"Power，Rights and Duties in Chinese History." The Australian Journal of Chinese Affairs，no.3（January 1980）.
Wilson，George G．"Henry Wheaton and International Law." In Henry Wheaton，Elements of International Law．Buffalo，N.Y.: William S．Hein and Co.，Inc.，1995.
Wollheim，Richard．"Democracy." Journal of the History of Ideas 19，no.2（1958）.
